C++ Math Functions
The <cmath> library has many functions that allow you to perform mathematical tasks on numbers.
A list of all math functions can be found in the table below:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| abs(x) | Returns the absolute value of x |
| acos(x) | Returns the arccosine of x, in radians |
| acosh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arccosine of x |
| asin(x) | Returns the arcsine of x, in radians |
| asinh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arcsine of x |
| atan(x) | Returns the arctangent of x as a numeric value between -PI/2 and PI/2 radians |
| atan2(y, x) | Returns the angle theta from the conversion of rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, theta) |
| atanh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic arctangent of x |
| cbrt(x) | Returns the cube root of x |
| ceil(x) | Returns the value of x rounded up to its nearest integer |
| copysign(x, y) | Returns the first floating point x with the sign of the second floating point y |
| cos(x) | Returns the cosine of x (x is in radians) |
| cosh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x |
| exp(x) | Returns the value of Ex |
| exp2(x) | Returns the value of 2x |
| expm1(x) | Returns ex-1 |
| erf(x) | Returns the value of the error function at x |
| erfc(x) | Returns the value of the complementary error function at x |
| fabs(x) | Returns the absolute value of a floating x |
| fdim(x) | Returns the positive difference between x and y |
| floor(x) | Returns the value of x rounded down to its nearest integer |
| fma(x, y, z) | Returns x*y+z without losing precision |
| fmax(x, y) | Returns the highest value of a floating x and y |
| fmin(x, y) | Returns the lowest value of a floating x and y |
| fmod(x, y) | Returns the floating point remainder of x/y |
| frexp(x, y) | With x expressed as m*2n, returns the value of m (a value between 0.5 and 1.0) and writes the value of n to the memory at the pointer y |
| hypot(x, y) | Returns sqrt(x2 +y2) without intermediate overflow or underflow |
| ilogb(x) | Returns the integer part of the floating-point base logarithm of x |
| ldexp(x, y) | Returns x*2y |
| lgamma(x) | Returns the logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function at x |
| llrint(x) | Rounds x to a nearby integer and returns the result as a long long integer |
| llround(x) | Rounds x to the nearest integer and returns the result as a long long integer |
| log(x) | Returns the natural logarithm of x |
| log10(x) | Returns the base 10 logarithm of x |
| log1p(x) | Returns the natural logarithm of x+1 |
| log2(x) | Returns the base 2 logarithm of the absolute value of x |
| logb(x) | Returns the floating-point base logarithm of the absolute value of x |
| lrint(x) | Rounds x to a nearby integer and returns the result as a long integer |
| lround(x) | Rounds x to the nearest integer and returns the result as a long integer |
| modf(x, y) | Returns the decimal part of x and writes the integer part to the memory at the pointer y |
| nan(s) | Returns a NaN (Not a Number) value |
| nearbyint(x) | Returns x rounded to a nearby integer |
| nextafter(x, y) | Returns the closest floating point number to x in the direction of y |
| nexttoward(x, y) | Returns the closest floating point number to x in the direction of y |
| pow(x, y) | Returns the value of x to the power of y |
| remainder(x, y) | Return the remainder of x/y rounded to the nearest integer |
| remquo(x, y, z) | Calculates x/y rounded to the nearest integer, writes the result to the memory at the pointer z and returns the remainder. |
| rint(x) | Returns x rounded to a nearby integer |
| round(x) | Returns x rounded to the nearest integer |
| scalbln(x, y) | Returns x*Ry (R is usually 2) |
| scalbn(x, y) | Returns x*Ry (R is usually 2) |
| sin(x) | Returns the sine of x (x is in radians) |
| sinh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic sine of x |
| sqrt(x) | Returns the square root of x |
| tan(x) | Returns the tangent of x (x is in radians) |
| tanh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x |
| tgamma(x) | Returns the value of the gamma function at x |
| trunc(x) | Returns the integer part of x |