Iampsp Blog – Page 124 – I am a programming service provider

CSS Layout – Position

The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element (static, relative, fixed, absolute or sticky).

The position Property

The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element.

There are five different position values:

static
relative
fixed
absolute
sticky

Elements are then positioned using the top, bottom, left, and right properties. However, these properties will not work unless the position property is set first. They also work differently depending on the position value.

Continue reading CSS Layout – Position

CSS Layout – Width

Using width, max-width and margin: auto;

As mentioned in the previous chapter; a block-level element always takes up the full width available (stretches out to the left and right as far as it can).

Setting the width of a block-level element will prevent it from stretching out to the edges of its container. Then, you can set the margins to auto, to horizontally center the element within its container. The element will take up the specified width, and the remaining space will be split equally between the two margins:

This <div> element has a width of 500px, and margin set to auto.

Note: The problem with the <div> above occurs when the browser window is smaller than the width of the element. The browser then adds a horizontal scrollbar to the page. Continue reading CSS Layout – Width

CSS Layout – Display

The display property is the most important CSS property for controlling layout.

The display Property

The display property is used to specify how an element is shown on a web page.

Every HTML element has a default display value, depending on what type of element it is. The default display value for most elements is block or inline.

The display property is used to change the default display behavior of HTML elements.

Block-level Elements

A block-level element ALWAYS starts on a new line and takes up the full width available (stretches out to the left and right as far as it can).

The <div> element is a block-level element.

Examples of block-level elements:

<div>
<h1> – <h6>
<p>
<form>
<header>
<footer>
<section>

Inline Elements

An inline element DOES NOT start on a new line and only takes up as much width as necessary.

This is an inline <span> element inside a paragraph.

Examples of inline elements:

<span>
<a>
<img>

Continue reading CSS Layout – Display

CSS Tables

The look of an HTML table can be greatly improved with CSS:

Company	Contact	Country
Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Germany
Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Sweden
Centro comercial Moctezuma	Francisco Chang	Mexico
Ernst Handel	Roland Mendel	Austria
Island Trading	Helen Bennett	UK
Königlich Essen	Philip Cramer	Germany
Laughing Bacchus Winecellars	Yoshi Tannamuri	Canada
Magazzini Alimentari Riuniti	Giovanni Rovelli	Italy

Continue reading CSS Tables

CSS Lists

Unordered Lists:

Coffee
Tea
Coca Cola

Coffee
Tea
Coca Cola

Ordered Lists:

Coffee
Tea
Coca Cola
Coffee
Tea
Coca Cola

HTML Lists and CSS List Properties

In HTML, there are two main types of lists:

unordered lists (<ul>) – the list items are marked with bullets
ordered lists (<ol>) – the list items are marked with numbers or letters

The CSS list properties allow you to:

Set different list item markers for ordered lists
Set different list item markers for unordered lists
Set an image as the list item marker
Add background colors to lists and list items

Continue reading CSS Lists

CSS Links

With CSS, links can be styled in many different ways.

Styling Links

Links can be styled with any CSS property (e.g. color, font-family, background, etc.).

Example

a {
  color: hotpink;
} Continue reading CSS Links

CSS Fonts

Choosing the right font for your website is important!

Font Selection is Important

Choosing the right font has a huge impact on how the readers experience a website.

The right font can create a strong identity for your brand.

Using a font that is easy to read is important. The font adds value to your text. It is also important to choose the correct color and text size for the font.

Generic Font Families

In CSS there are five generic font families:

Serif fonts have a small stroke at the edges of each letter. They create a sense of formality and elegance.
Sans-serif fonts have clean lines (no small strokes attached). They create a modern and minimalistic look.
Monospace fonts – here all the letters have the same fixed width. They create a mechanical look.
Cursive fonts imitate human handwriting.
Fantasy fonts are decorative/playful fonts.

All the different font names belong to one of the generic font families.

Continue reading CSS Fonts

CSS Text

CSS has a lot of properties for formatting text.

Text Color

The color property is used to set the color of the text. The color is specified by:

a color name – like “red”
a HEX value – like “#ff0000”
an RGB value – like “rgb(255,0,0)”

The default text color for a page is defined in the body selector.

Example

body {
  color: blue;
}

h1 {
  color: green;
}

Text Color and Background Color

In this example, we define both the background-color property and the color property:

Example

body {
  background-color: lightgrey;
  color: blue;
}

h1 {
  background-color: black;
  color: white;
}

div {
  background-color: blue;
  color: white;
}

CSS Outline

An outline is a line drawn outside the element’s border.

CSS Outline

An outline is a line that is drawn around elements, OUTSIDE the borders, to make the element “stand out”.

CSS has the following outline properties:

outline-style
outline-color
outline-width
outline-offset
outline

Continue reading CSS Outline

CSS Box Model

All HTML elements can be considered as boxes.

The CSS Box Model

In CSS, the term “box model” is used when talking about design and layout.

The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps around every HTML element. It consists of: content, padding, borders and margins. Continue reading CSS Box Model