When you know exactly how many times you want to loop through a block of code, use the for loop instead of a while loop:
for (statement 1; statement 2; statement 3)
{
// code block to be executed
}
Statement 1 is executed (one time) before the execution of the code block.
Statement 2 defines the condition for executing the code block.
Statement 3 is executed (every time) after the code block has been executed. Continue reading C# For Loop
Loops can execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is reached.
Loops are handy because they save time, reduce errors, and they make code more readable.
Use the switch statement to select one of many code blocks to be executed.
switch(expression)
{
case x:
// code block
break;
case y:
// code block
break;
default:
// code block
break;
}
There is also a short-hand if else, which is known as the ternary operator because it consists of three operands. It can be used to replace multiple lines of code with a single line. It is often used to replace simple if else statements:
variable = (condition) ? expressionTrue : expressionFalse;
Instead of writing: Continue reading C# Short Hand If…Else
Use the else if statement to specify a new condition if the first condition is False.
if (condition1)
{
// block of code to be executed if condition1 is True
}
else if (condition2)
{
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is True
}
else
{
// block of code to be executed if the condition1 is false and condition2 is False
}
int time = 22;
if (time < 10)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good morning.");
}
else if (time < 20)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good day.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Good evening.");
}
// Outputs "Good evening."
Use the else statement to specify a block of code to be executed if the condition is False.
if (condition)
{
// block of code to be executed if the condition is True
}
else
{
// block of code to be executed if the condition is False
}
int time = 20;
if (time < 18)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good day.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Good evening.");
}
// Outputs "Good evening."
C# supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics:
You can use these conditions to perform different actions for different decisions.
C# has the following conditional statements:
if to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is trueelse to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is falseelse if to specify a new condition to test, if the first condition is falseswitch to specify many alternative blocks of code to be executedVery often, in programming, you will need a data type that can only have one of two values, like:
For this, C# has a bool data type, which can take the values true or false.
Because strings must be written within quotes, C# will misunderstand this string, and generate an error:
string txt = "We are the so-called "Vikings" from the north.";
The solution to avoid this problem, is to use the backslash escape character.
The backslash (\) escape character turns special characters into string characters: Continue reading C# Special Characters
You can access the characters in a string by referring to its index number inside square brackets [].
This example prints the first character in myString:
string myString = "Hello"; Console.WriteLine(myString[0]); // Outputs "H"
Note: String indexes start with 0: [0] is the first character. [1] is the second character, etc.